Methods
Stumbling blocks
Stolpersteine /"Stumbling blocks"
The Stolpersteine (Stumbling Blocks) are 10x10x10 cm in size. The artist Gunter Demnig
launched the Stumbling Blocks project in 1992 by laying the first stone. It was intended to
cherish the memory of all the victims of the Nazi regime: Jews, Sinti and Roma, homosexuals,
those politically persecuted, Jehovah’s Witnesses and euthanasia victims. The names on the
Stumbling Blocks were meant to return personality and dignity to the people who had been
reduced to numbers. A conscious pause at the Block with the inscription is a “stumbling with the
head and the heart”. Today, the Stumbling Blocks are held in high esteem. 75 000 have already
been laid in Germany and in 25 other European countries. They form the world’s largest
decentralised memorial, increasingly becoming a community issue in cities and towns. Every
year on the 9th of November, the date of the Kristallnacht of 1938, people gather to clean and
polish the metal plaques so that the names of the victims of National Socialism remain legible. It
is a reminder in the present times, when new signs of violence, contempt for humanity and anti-
Semitism are reappearing.